These oriental gardens rely more on structure and permanence than do their Western counterparts. Look for utilization of the basic elements of nature, including water, stone, wood, gravel or sand, as well as moss and other plants.

The inherent qualities of these natural materials become integral parts of the japanese garden -the smoothness of a stone, the grain in a piece of wood, the cragginess of a rock formation-and help to create serenity. The strategic placement of each object reflects the strict discipline and structure of traditional Japanese culture.

Town gardeners can incorporate Japanese garden or oriental garden design into their own garden space . It's not necessary to create an entire garden in the Japanese style. A stone lantern, a small patch of raked gravel, or a soothing water feature can offer a focal point that is distinctly Far Eastern.

Successful Oriental garden design incorporates human elements, (such as a lanterns), and nature (water, stone and plants). Foliage texture and form is emphasized over bold use of flower color and exemplifies Asian-style gardening.

Water is one of the most important elements in a Japanese garden. The sound created by this waterfall drowns out noises beyond the garden, creating a feeling of solitude. Statuary is commonly featured in Oriental gardens although human figurines are rarely found in Japanese garden design and are more typical of Chinese style.

The Japanese garden style is designed to elicit feelings of peace, introspection and personal reflection. While Western gardens are often blatantly obvious in their bold use of color and design, Japanese methods are much more subtle and quietly suggestive. The maxim "less is more" definitely applies in an oriental style garden.

Basic oriental garden design concepts are also enmeshed in symbolism and personal meaning. Although much is open to individual interpretation, while knowing the japanese garden designer's intent gives rise to deeper understanding of the end result. Elements can equally hide as much as reveal themselves to the viewer.

Bridges in the Japanese garden extend a path over real or suggested water. They are positioned to be seen at a pleasing angle from the primary viewing area, rather than looked at head-on or fully sideways. Using different sized plants and focal points draws the viewer into the space and encourages them to contemplate different layers of the garden.

The placement of stones is significant in Japanese design, providing structure and a sense of scale. Stones can be used represent cranes, tortoises or fish.

If the garden were used at night, Japanese lanterns would provide the light in the garden and so they are properly placed in locations wherever light would be most useful, such as along a pathway, next to a gateway or by a stairway. But their most magical use is to create a reflection in a pond. Japanese lanterns come in many styles, each with unique symbolism and significance. Those that appear weathered and aged by the natural elements are especially valued by the Japanese.

Related Articles >>

This article was first published in Woman's Day Gardening & Outdoor Living, 1999